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Institut / FIR-Bereiche
Patterns of Digitization
(2020)
This article describes the results of Patterns of Digitization survey designed to assess how companies are implementing digital transformation. The survey includes the various strategies companies employ, the technologies they invest in, and, in particular, the actions they take to overcome the organizational resistance that is common to most large-scale transformations. Digital transformation is reshaping entire segments of our society and industries of every type:
communications, retail, and increasingly healthcare, medicine, agriculture, and manufacturing.
While a few companies seem to reach front-runner status, the majority seem to lag. This phenomenon is a top concern of boardrooms worldwide and motivated the development of this study. To help these organizations, we highlight the important actions all companies are taking as well as the differentiated actions digitally mature companies are undertaking to transform their businesses. These insights should help lagging companies understand what is involved in
implementing a digital transformation and what they need to do to catch up.
Overview: The digital transformation of organizations continues at a frenetic pace. While some companies have achieved trailblazer status, others are finding it difficult to change and therefore are lagging. Digital leaders play a pivotal role in this transition because they can increase the confidence of their organizations behind these often risky and disruptive initiatives. In this article, we present our efforts to i) separate the practices of digitally developing and digitally mature organizations―particularly those of their leaders, ii) determine the specific trust-building actions of digitally mature leaders, iii) develop a scale to measure the human dimensions of digital leaders, and iv) discuss the future development of a reliable scale and self-assessment tool that digital leaders can use to assess their own readiness to accelerate digital initiatives.
Two major trends are driving many companies in the manufacturing industry to rethink and reconfigure their business logic: the trends towards applying a service dominant business logic, and the trends towards collecting and using information about the market life cycle of products. The pursuit of market lifecycle information has lately been one that is driven mostly by tremendous developments in the area of the Internet of Things and information system integration. Companies in the manufacturing industry are reconfiguring their value chains, tending towards a higher degree of service orientation. This transformation requires an understanding of the principles behind offering additional value through industrial product service systems. The design of an adequate information architecture and the subsequent management model are the key factors for a successful implementation. This article focuses on how information gathering, analysis, and the meaningful use of information have been linked to the success of those companies within the German manufacturing industry which have made the transformation towards service-orientation. On the basis of an empirical study, five success factors with a significant impact on either innovation performance and/or operational performance are identified. These findings are enhanced to derive guidelines for an adequate information architecture. The guidelines are underpinned by best practices of prosperous companies with a strong product-service-orientation. Links between best practice application and performance are analyzed, and significant relations are identified.
Digitalization is changing the industrial landscape in a way we did not anticipate. The manufacturing industries worldwide are working to develop strategies and concepts for what is labelled with different terms such as the Industrial Internet of Things in the USA or Industrie 4.0 in Germany. Many industrialized economies are driven by the production sector and this sector needs specific approaches and instruments to take up other than those approaches we know from start-ups and ventures coming from Silicon Valley and other places. In this paper, we demonstrate an appropriate approach to transform producing companies in a systematic and evolutionary approach.
In particular, the objective of this paper is to provide results from two initiatives which conceptually build upon each other and are of particular relevance for the production industry. First, we present a global survey on the state of implementation and the future perspectives of the concept Industrie 4.0 from 2016. Findings from this study have forced parts of the German industry to heavily invest into a common approach to accelerate change towards Industry 4.0 in order to stay competitive in worldwide economy. This approach is presented in a second part.
Assets of integrated production systems, especially in the heavy industry, are facing high requirements in terms of reliability and availability. In case of component breakdown, the operating firm is confronted with high costs due to downtime and loss of production. Modern maintenance concepts in combination with advanced technologies can help to improve the plant availability and reduce the downtime costs caused by unplanned breakdowns. Against this background, the research institutes FIR and IMR from RWTH Aachen University, Germany, are collaborating within the research project “SiZu”. This project deals with the integration of condition monitoring system and real time simulation to assess the condition of components and to support failure cause analysis.
Digital Leadership
(2020)
This article describes digital leadership-specifically character and competency-that differentiate digitally mature organizations from digitally developing organizations. We assess the differentiated actions of leaders of digitally mature organizations and discuss their results. The study is based on Patterns of Digitization survey with insights from 559 decision makers across five geographic regions-America, Europe, Asia, Africa, and Oceania designed to assess how companies are implementing digital transformation, the various strategies they employ, the investments they make, and the actions they take to achieve large-scale institutionalized digital transformations. The insights gleaned from the study should help lagging companies understand what is involved in implementing a digital transformation and what they need to do to catch up.
Digitalization offers enormous opportunities not only to optimize operational processes, but also to redefine creative processes, e.g., in the area of innovation. This is becoming increasingly important in light of the fact that innovation is increasingly taking place in ecosystems, which means that an enormous amount of collaboration must be enabled in distributed and interdisciplinary teams. To be successful in this, innovation teams need easy access to the multitude of methods and assistance in selecting the appropriate method for the specific task. To this end, we propose a classification framework that structures methods from innovation management and service design based on higher-level task areas. The framework was developed and evaluated together with several companies. Results were implemented in the form of a playbook that won the red dot design award. [https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-030-80840-2_22]
The rapid developments in information and communication technology enable new bus iness models that are based on digital platforms. Marketplaces such as Amazon or Airbnb have already adapted this business model to connect previously unconnected supply-side and demand-side to conduct a business transaction via a digital platform. Due to Industrie 4.0 and the rapid technological development that comes with it, digital platforms have entered the market within the area of the mechanical engineering. Different platform types exist, such as marketplaces for machine equipment or digital data platforms for connected machines. Although numerous companies claim to offer platform-based bus iness models, they often lack knowledge on individual business model components. To close this gap, this paper structures a variety of existing platforms based on their detail characteristics. Within this paper, existing typologies of digital platforms from other industry areas are analyzed. Case study research ofplatforms within the mechanical engineering is used to adjust these typologies and create a new one for digital platforms within the mechanical engineering.
Industrial companies face tremendous challenges to plan the resources needed to meet future market demands when implementing a PSS based solution portfolio. This paper deals with enhancing the PSS research landscape by presenting an approach to enable better resource-planning in PSS based businesses. In particular, a model is proposed which links resource structures with customer offerings. Linkages are implemented, which connect resources and their use in processes. The model contributes to better understand the complexity in resource structures and elements in the PSS and helps to better understand and describe the structural integration of resources in PSS. This is an important prerequisite for the planning of PSS and allows a qualitative and quantitative description of the service resources allocation enabling companies to build the competence needed to meet customer requirements. A case study based approach was applied for model development.
The House of Maintenance
(2009)
In order to guarantee an efficient and effective employment of production equipment, it is essential to identify any possible potential for improving performance, not only in the production process, but also in supporting areas such as maintenance. One of the major tasks in increasing maintenance performance consists of systematically identifying the company’s most significant weaknesses in maintenance organisation and thus being able to implement improvements there where they are most needed.
But how is a company to tackle this important task? To answer this question, this paper describes an assessment and improvement approach, based on a capability maturity model (CMM). By means of this approach, the status-quo of a maintenance organisation can be analysed and its individual improvement opportunities identified.