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Es ist davon auszugehen, dass einfache, repetitive Tätigkeiten in absehbarer Zeit in zunehmendem Maße automatisiert werden. Daher wird für Beschäftigte, die maßgeblich mit diesen Tätigkeiten betraut sind, Qualifizierung zu einem zentralen Faktor. Darüber hinaus wird es für einen großen Teil der Höherqualifizierten zu einer deutlichen Verschiebung der Qualifikationsanforderungen sowie zu einer zunehmenden Informatisierung der Arbeit kommen. Der Buchbeitrag von Volker Stich, Gerhard Gudergan und Roman Senderek verdeutlicht, dass angesichts dieser Herausforderungen für die Unternehmen, das arbeitsnahe Lernen eine Möglichkeit darstellt, Menschen und Unternehmen für den aktuellen industriellen Wandel zu befähigen. Hierbei sind nach Ansicht der Autoren jedoch zunächst Arbeits- und Produktionssysteme zu schaffen, die lernförderlich geplant und gestaltet sind. Um dies zu ermöglichen, bedarf es einer Kategorisierung der verfügbaren arbeitsorientierten Lernformen und insbesondere neuer technologiegestützter Lernformen. Darüber hinaus sind die Rahmenbedingungen und Voraussetzungen von Unternehmen zu prüfen und im Hinblick auf die Anwendung der verschiedenen Lernformen zu bewerten. Eine Systematik hierfür und die Erfahrungen bei der Implementierung von arbeitsorientierten Lernformen bei vier Unternehmenspartnern schließen diesen Beitrag ab.
Nowadays, the market for information and communication technologies used for IOT-applications grows daily. Since companies need technologies to transform their business processes corresponding to the digital revolution, they need to know which technologies are available, and fit the best for their use case. Their inertial issue is the lacking overview of technologies suitable to connect their production or logistics. Hence, this paper presents a methodology to select technologies (and combinations) based on their functions. It differentiates between information and communication technologies, digital technologies and connecting technologies by the physical function and its role in a cyber-physical system. Depending on the use case, the applicability of every technology varies. Due to that reason, the paper illustrates a ranked qualification of the technologies for typical use cases, focussing tracking and tracing issues in the intralogistics of producing companies. The evaluation is performed upon a literature research, a market study to identify suitable technologies, and various expert interviews to assess the applicability of the technologies.
Manufacturing companies worldwide recognized the high potential of Industrie 4.0 in order to increasing production efficiency. Key benefits include creation of integrated systems, networked products and improvement of service portfolios. However, for many companies deriving and evaluating necessary measures to use Industrie 4.0 potentials represents a major challenge. This paper introduces the "acatech Industrie 4.0 Maturity Index" as an approach to meet this challenge. The development of multidimensional maturity model intents to provide companies an assessment methodology. The aim is to capture the status quo in companies in order to be able to develop individual roadmaps for the successful introduction of Industrie 4.0 and manage the transformation progressively.
Many ERP systems support configurable materials. Due to an ever increasing number of product variants the benefits of this approach are well understood. However, these implementations are not standardized. In this article we propose a new standard interface for the exchange of configuration data. This would lead to further benefits as systems as Advanced Planning systems could better use manufacturing flexibility while web shops as Amazon could easily integrate manufacturers of complex products with much reduced implementation effort.
Zeugnis der Reife
(2018)
Aktuell sehen sich deutsche Unternehmen damit konfrontiert, dass ihre bisherigen Produktionsabläufe und Arbeitsweisen immer weniger mit der Digitalisierung und den damit veränderten Maßstäben des 21. Jahrhunderts mithalten können. Neue innovative Lösungen werden benötigt, um produktiv voranzugehen und den Wandel für sich zu nutzen.
Die digitale Transformation hat mittlerweile alle Wertschöpfungsstufen im industriellen Sektor erfasst. So ist ein großer Teil aktuell produzierter Maschinen bereits mit Sensorik und Software ausgestattet und kommuniziert über digitale Infrastrukturen. Stetig sinkende Kosten für Sensorik , Vernetzungstechnologien, Rechen- und Speicherleistung erlauben Unternehmen die wirtschaftliche Erhebung und Verarbeitung von Daten in einem bisher nicht gekannten Ausmaß. Diese Veränderungen durch Digitalisierung und Industrie 4.0 müssen Unternehmen als Chance für den industriellen Service nutzen.
Influenced by the high dynamic of the markets the optimization of supply chains gains more importance. However, analyzing different procurement strategies and the influence of various production parameters is difficult to achieve in industrial practice. Therefore, simulations of supply chains are used in order to improve the production process. The objective of this research is to evaluate different procurement strategies in a four-stage supply chain. Besides, this research aims to identify main influencing factors on the supply chain’s performance. The performance of the supply chain is measured by means of back orders (backlog). A scenario analysis of different customer demands and a Design of Experiments analysis enhance the significance of the simulation results.
Der 37. KVD-Service-Congress widmet sich der Diskussion, wie effektiver und effizienter Service in der Zukunft gestaltet werden muss. Im Mittelpunkt des Service stehen die Kunden, die Mitarbeiter und das Unternehmen. Und über allem schwebt das Schlagwort Digitalisierung. Was macht sie mit dem Service - heute und morgen?
This research area focuses on the management systems and principles of a production system. It aims at controlling the complex interplay of heterogeneous processes in a highly dynamic environment, with special focus on individualized products in high-wage countries. The project addresses the comprehensive application of self-optimizing principles on all levels of the value chain. This implies the integration of self-optimizing control loops on cell level, with those addressing the production planning and control as well as supply chain and quality management aspects. A specific focus is on the consideration of human decisions during the production process. To establish socio-technical control loops, it is necessary to understand how human decisions are made in diffuse working processes as well as how cognitive and affective abilities form the human factor within production processes.
Nowadays, cyber physical systems support the improvement of efficiency in intralogistics by controlling and manipulating the production and logistic environment autonomously. Due to the complexity of the individual production processes, designing suitable cyber-physical systems based on their existing production environment is a challenge for companies.
This paper presents a new methodology on how to design cyber-physical systems conceptually to suit an individual production environment. Compared to existing design approaches, this methodology matches immediately the required functions to existing information and communication technology’s components insisting on the neutral assimilation of requirements.
Therefore, the requirement specification asks for needed functions in relating to offered functions of information and communication technology (ICT) components. The paper focusses the use case of implementing a cutting-edge mobile network technology into an existing tracking and tracing process.
Die Verschärfung des Wettbewerbsumfelds produzierender Unternehmen und die als Antwort hierauf in den Fokus rückenden agilen Methoden vergrößern die Bedeutung einer effizienten Handhabung von Änderungsprozessen. Am Beispiel des Maschinen- und Anlagenbauers Ortlinghaus zeigt der Beitrag, dass eine Kombination aus ungeeigneten Änderungsprozessen und mangelhaftem IT-Support in der Praxis oft die schnelle und gleichzeitig qualitätsgesicherte Durchführung von Änderungsprozessen verhindert. Der Zielkonflikt aus geringem Zeitbedarf und hoher Prozessqualität lässt sich durch Anpassungen in der IT-Unterstützung reduzieren. Hierdurch können Erfolgsfaktoren für ein effizientes Änderungsmanagement gehoben und die Problemfelder der Workflowunterstützung, Informationsverteilung und Datenhandhabung verbessert werden. Zentrales Hindernis zur Adressierung der Erfolgsfaktoren stellt die aktuell zur Abwicklung von Change Requests genutzte Arbeitsumgebung dar. Der Beitrag präsentiert hierfür als zentralen Lösungsansatz die Internet of Production Infrastruktur. Das Potenzial der Internet of Production Infrastruktur im Kontext des Änderungsmanagements wird anhand von drei Anwendungsbeispielen verdeutlicht. Abschließend wird der Migrationspfad für Unternehmen bei der Einführung eines effizienten Änderungsmanagements aufgezeigt.
Industrie 4.0 is changing the industrial landscape in an unanticipated way. The vision for manufacturing industries is to transform to an agile company, in order to react on occurring events in real-time and make data based decisions. The realization requires also new capabilities for the information management. To achieve this goal agile companies require taking measured data, analyzing it, deriving knowledge out of this and support with the knowledge their employees. This is crucial for a successful Industrie 4.0 implementation, but many manufacturing companies struggling with these requirements. This paper identifies the required capabilities for the information management to achieve a successful Industrie 4.0 implementation. [https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-65151-4_3]
With big data-technologies on the rise, new fields of application appear in terms of analyzing data to find new relationships for improving process under-standing and stability. Manufacturing companies oftentimes cope with a high number of deviations but struggle to solve them with less effort. The research project BigPro aims to develop a methodology for implementing counter measures to disturbances and deviations derived from big data. This paper proposes a methodology for practitioners to assess predefined counter measures. It consists of a morphology with several criterions that can have a certain characteristic. Those are then combined with a weighting factor to assess the feasibility of the counter measure for prioritization.
This paper addresses the challenge of modelling individual cyber-physical systems (CPS) for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in manufacturing industries. CPS are key technology building blocks for the implementation of Industrie 4.0. Especially for SMEs the increase of production efficiency and reduction of manufacturing costs through CPS offer potential to maintain their competitiveness and innovation capacity. Although SMEs perceive the potential of CPS, they often lack financial and human resources to acquire the necessary CPS-competencies as well as an overview of all the currently available technological solutions. To overcome this issue a matching platform will offer SMEs support in finding suitable CPS-components by letting them express their functional and technical requirements. The matching logic is based on a set of morphologies that encompasses the functional and requirement spectrum of CPS-components. The matching algorithm analyses the input for congruence of requirements and available technologies and suggests suitable technology combinations. This paper describes the methodology of the matching platform, and introduces the research work to define and to develop the technology morphologies. The presented results facilitate the selection and configuration of CPS for SMEs.
Influenced by the high dynamic of the markets and the steadily increasing demand for short delivery times the importance of supply chain optimization is growing. In particular, the order process plays a central role in achieving short delivery times and constantly needs to evaluate the trade-off between high inventory and the risk of stock-outs. However, analyzing different order strategies and the influence of various production parameters is difficult to achieve in industrial practice. Therefore, simulations of supply chains are used in order to improve processes in the whole value chain. The objective of this research is to evaluate two different order strategies (t, q, t, S) in a four-stage supply chain. In order to measure the performance of the supply chain the quantity of the backlog will be considered. A Design of Experiments approach is supposed to enhance the significance of the simulation results.
One major problem of today’s producing companies is to reach a high adherence to delivery dates while considering the volatile market situation as well as economic aspects. This problem can only be solved by using a production control that is optimally adapted to the processes. A good working, process-oriented production control is essential for being able to control the production situation and to ensure a high adherence to delivery dates. Data generation and processing determine the success of production control. Current processes and IT systems have several shortcomings in meeting these challenges.
The solution for this problem is the so called “cyber physical production control” (CPPC). It optimally supports the production scheduler in his decision making process based on real-time high-resolution data. With the help of data analytics, the production controller receives decision support over various steps. Due to CPPC, the overall goal of a high adherence to delivery dates can be fundamentally increased.
Industrie 4.0 is all around us today: in politics, in the media, and on the agendas of researchers and entrepreneurs. Smarter, faster, more personalized, more efficient, more integrated – those are just some of the promises of this new industrial era. The potential, especially for Germany ́s mechanical
engineering industry and plant engineering sector, is indeed great, both for providers and for users of technologies across the spectrum of Industrie 4.0.
But there are still many unresolved questions, uncertainties, and challenges. Our readiness study seeks to address this need and offer insight. Because Industrie 4.0 will not happen on its own.
This study is intended to bring the grand vision closer to the business reality. We also highlight the challenging milestones that many companies must still pass on the road to Industrie 4.0 readiness.
The study examines where companies in the fields of mechanical and plant engineering currently stand, focusing on what motivates them and what holds them back, and on the differences that emerge between small and medium enterprises on the one hand and large enterprises on the other.
The results make it possible for the first time to develop a detailed, systematic picture of Industrie 4.0 readiness in the engineering sector.
The study concludes with recommendations for action in the business community, complementing the diverse suite of programs and activities offered by VDMA’s Forum Industrie 4.0. We would like to take this opportunity to thank the two sponsors of this project from the VDMA Forum, Dietmar Goericke and Dr. Christian Mosch, whose efforts played a critical role in making this study a success.
We are convinced that Industrie 4.0 can become a success story for Germany’s engineering sector. May our “Industrie 4.0 Readiness” study do its part in this effort.
In recent years supply chain participants are increasingly suffering the effects of disturbances in transportation supply chains. Both, dynamics in consumer demands and global supply chains lead to a growth in unplanned supply chain events. These can cause from rather manageable disturbances through to complete break-downs of transportation chains, resulting in high follow-up and penalty costs.
Consequently, concepts for an efficient supply chain disturbance management are needed, preferably with a real-time identification and reaction to disturbance events. Therefore in the following paper the research results of the German research project Smart Logistic Grids with the focus on designing an integrated model for the real-time disturbance management in transportation supply networks are presented. This includes the introduction of elaborated classification models for disturbances and action patterns as well as an associated costs and performance measurement system. Finally, a procedure model for the disturbance management is presented.
Industrie 4.0 ist in Politik, Medien, Wissenschaft und Wirtschaft derzeit omnipräsent. Intelligenter, individueller, effizienter, schneller, vernetzter – so lauten nur einige Versprechen dieses neuen industriellen Zeitalters. Tatsächlich sind die Potenziale gerade für den deutschen Maschinen- und Anlagenbau gewaltig: Sowohl für Anbieter als auch für Anwender von Technologien rund um das Thema Industrie 4.0. Aber noch existieren viele ungelöste Fragen, Unsicherheiten und Aufgaben. Hier wollen wir mit unserer Readiness-Studie ansetzen und Hilfestellung leisten. Denn ein Selbstläufer wird Industrie 4.0 nicht. Mit der vorliegenden Studie soll die große Vision näher an die betriebliche Realität gebracht werden. Auch zeigen wir die anspruchsvollen Wegmarken auf, die für viele Unternehmen hinsichtlich ihrer Industrie 4.0-Fähigkeit noch zu passieren sind. Die Studie untersucht, an welcher Stelle der Maschinen- und Anlagenbau aktuell bei der Umsetzung steht. Motivation und Hemmnisse der Unternehmen werden ebenso in den Blick genommen wie die Unterschiede, die sich zwischen Mittelstand und großen Unternehmen ergeben. Im Ergebnis ist es erstmals möglich, die „Industrie 4.0-Readiness“ der Maschinenbau-Industrie detailliert und systematisch abzubilden.