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More and more companies in the mechanical and plant engineering industry are transforming their business model and evolving from product to solution providers. Subscription business models play a key role in this development. They enable companies to enter long-term collaborative relationships with customers and thus monetize the potential of Industry 4.0. However, this development is not easy for many companies and is associated with numerous hurdles. One of these hurdles is the development of a suitable range of services tailored to customer needs. In this context, the bundling of individual services to service modules plays a key role in realizing new value propositions. In practice, however, companies often lack an understanding of which services need to be combined in what way to be able to realize new value propositions. Accordingly, the goal of this work is to identify relevant services for subscription business models, to cluster them into meaningful value-adding bundles, and to derive new value propositions accordingly. The new value propositions in turn enable mechanical and plant engineering companies to strengthen customer loyalty and thus achieve long-term economic success.
In order to cope with the challenges of an increased demand for flexibility, quality and availability of production, maintenance measures provide a major competiveness factor for manufacturing companies. Yet, interdependencies between maintenance and production activities as well as differing target systems within the functional units of an enterprise, especially production and maintenance, raise needs for extended coordination efforts. This paper aims to develop an innovative approach for the coordination between maintenance and production activities for industrial production companies. To achieve this, the novel coordination mechanism is used. It helps to achieve maximised operational availability— for a maximised output of the production system at optimal costs. Based on the developed model, the present paper identifies findings regarding the impact of different maintenance strategies on the medium-term economic efficiency of the production system.
The planning and implementation of migration projects in global production networks is a complex planning task that is confronted with a dynamic global environment with highly complex interdependencies. Today's migration approaches are either large projects or isolated local
investments. As such, they are not suitable for simultaneously addressing interdependencies and continuity. This paper illustrates a holistic and continuous methodology for rolling migration planning and implementation in global production networks. Seven steps enable the transformation from the current state of the production network into a target state regarding internal as well as external dynamics and interactions.
Kennzahlen und Führungssysteme sind im Sinne des Performance-Managements ein zentraler Aspekt des Managements industrieller Dienstleistungen. Die Performancemessung bezieht dabei sowohl strategische Aspekte als auch Ergebnisse auf der operativen Ebene mit ein.
Die Immaterialität sowie die Integrativität von Dienstleistungen bedingen auch, dass mehr perspektivische Kennzahlen und Führungssysteme erforderlich sind, die neben monetären Kennzahlen auch die Erfassung und Auswertung von für Dienstleistungen spezifischen kunden- sowie kundenprozessbezogenen Kennzahlen ermöglichen. Im Beitrag werden ausgewählte Messansätze vorgestellt. Hierfür wird eine Gliederung in die Teilbereiche Kundengerichtete, Unternehmensgerichtete und Intern gerichtete Messansätze vorgenommen.
Within each of the three design fields numerous design elements exist (e.g. degree of centralization, number of warehouses etc. in the field network design). Hence, the interdependencies of all design elements have to be analyzed to allow optimal decisions for the design of an efficient and effective spare parts logistics. Nevertheless, the complexity among all interdependencies can hardly be understood. Therefore it is necessary to reduce the complexity of design decisions by focusing on the most important design elements according to the logistical requirements of different spare part categories. In order to achieve this goal, a classification of spare parts in terms of their key characteristics has been developed. For different spare part categories only a smaller set of design elements and their interdependencies has to be taken into account. The reduced number of key design elements per spare part category can be analyzed and understood in depth. Thus a Systems Dynamics approach is used to allow a better configuration of network design, cooperation concepts and inventory management in spare parts Supply Chains on the basis of specific logistics requirements of different spare part categories.
In dynamic markets flexible and efficient production systems are the main success factor for companies. The production system in this context includes all five phases of the SCOR-Model: Source, Make, Deliver, Plan and Return. In a subproject of the cluster of excellence "Integrative Production Technology for High-Wage Countries" at RWTH Aachen University, a configuration logic is being developed that enables companies to configure their production system according to the dynamic requirements of the market. As a major intermediate result, a holistic description model for production systems has been defined. In combination with numerous attributes in the sub-models, a detailed characterization of the production system is possible.
The sub-model for the design of the Supply Chain (mainly Deliver) will be depicted in detail in this paper. Representative for the design of a Supply Chain, spare parts logistics - as one of the most challenging tasks in logistics planning - is analyzed in depth. For this purpose spare parts logistics is divided into three design fields: network design, cooperation concepts (e.g. with logistics providers, customers, suppliers) and inventory management. Decisions in the design fields are highly interdependent, any spare parts logistics configuration has to take these interdependencies into account.
This research area focuses on the management systems and principles of a production system. It aims at controlling the complex interplay of heterogeneous processes in a highly dynamic environment, with special focus on individualized products in high-wage countries. The project addresses the comprehensive application of self-optimizing principles on all levels of the value chain. This implies the integration of self-optimizing control loops on cell level, with those addressing the production planning and control as well as supply chain and quality management aspects. A specific focus is on the consideration of human decisions during the production process. To establish socio-technical control loops, it is necessary to understand how human decisions are made in diffuse working processes as well as how cognitive and affective abilities form the human factor within production processes.
The European Commission set out the goal of carbon neutrality by 2050, which shall be achieved by fostering the twin transition - sustainability through digitalization. A keystone in this transition is the implementation of a prospering Circular Economy (CE). However, product information required to establish a flourishing CE is hardly available or even accessible. The Digital Product Passport (DPP) offers a solution to that problem but in the current discussion, two separate topics are focused on: its architecture and its application on batteries. The content of the DPP has not been an essential part of the discussion, although access to high-quality data about a product's state, composition and ecological footprint is required to enable sustainable decision-making. Therefore, this paper presents a classification of product data for circularity in the manufacturing industry to emphasize the discussion about the DPP's content. Developed through a systematic literature review combined with a case-study-research based on common operational information systems, the classification comprises three levels with 62 data points in four main categories: (1) Product information, (2) Utilization information, (3) Value chain information and (4) Sustainability information. In this paper, the potential content structure of a DPP is demonstrated for a use case in the machinery sector. The contribution to the science and operations community is twofold: Building a guideline for DPP developers that require scientific input from available real-world data points as well as motivating manufacturers to share the presented data points enabling a circular product information management.
The almost boundless possibilities of realizing saving potentials and innovations drive manufacturing companies to implement Business Analytics as part of the digitalization roadmap. The increasing research within the field of algorithm design and the wide range of user-friendly tools simplify generating first insights from data also for non-professionals. However, small and medium sized companies struggle implementing Business Analytics company-wide due to the lack of competencies. Especially the customization of a multitude of analytic methods in order to match a superordinate, business-relevant question is not done easily. This paper enables researchers as well as practitioners to close the gap between business relevant questions and algorithms. From a practical point of view, this paper helps shortening the search time for a suitable algorithm. Out of a research perspective, it aims to help positioning new algorithms within a structured framework in order to enhance the communication of algorithms’ capabilities.
Wichtige Wachstumsmärkte werden zunehmend durch Handelshemmnisse abgeschottet. Während die Automobilindustrie bereits mit dem Completely Knocked Down (CKD)-Konzept reagiert, indem Erzeugnisse teilzerlegt exportiert und lokal endmontiert werden, fehlen für den Maschinen- und Anlagenbau geeignete Ansätze für die Übertragung. Der vorliegende Artikel leistet dazu einen Beitrag, in dem die relevanten Merkmale einer CKD-Baugruppe definiert und vor dem Hintergrund relevanter Wirkungszusammenhänge ein Vorgehen für die Ableitung idealer Baugruppentypen skizziert wird.
Störungen und Änderungen des Produktionssystems führen zu Kosten und Aufwänden, bieten jedoch auch die Chance zur kontinuierlichen Verbesserung.
Um Änderungsanfragen zu erfassen, können etablierte Ansätze genutzt werden. Diese vernachlässigen jedoch die Anforderungen, denen sich ein Produktionssystem im Zeitalter der Digitalisierung ausgesetzt sieht. Der vorliegende Beitrag stellt einen Ansatz zur standardisierten Erfassung von Änderungsanfragen vor, welcher die Ausgangsbasis für die Bewertung von Änderungsanfragen in bestehenden IT-Systemen bietet.